2008 Summer Olympics Essay

Published by 2008 by Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. all(prenominal) rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilm, and recording, or by any information storehouse and retrieval system, without permission in written material from the publisher. photographic printed in the join verbalises of America. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 270 Madison Avenue, in the raw York, NY 10016. IM-1826 CONTENTS Introduction Chapter 1. Introduction to entertainments, havescasters, and Sportscasting Chapter 2. The historical Development of Sports and Sportscasting Chapter 3.The economic science of Sports, Sportscasters, and Sportscasting Chapter 4. Audiences for Sports and Sportscasting Chapter 5. The Role of Media in Sports and Sportscasting Chapter 6. Sociocultural Perspectives on Sports and Sportscasting Chapter 7. Practicum on Sportscasting Chapter 8. The time to come o f Sportscasters/Sportscasting Suggestions for Teaching Sportscasting Syllabus exact Dates removeer masterfile Invitation for Sportscaster Speaker 5 7 13 19 25 33 41 55 61 65 67 69 73 75 Introduction Conceived as a supplement to Sportscasters/Sportscasting Principles and Practices, this collection of exercises adds to the pedagogical mix. amounters the outline of a broad show up to under assumeing the topicwhich includes the history, economics, audience, media, sociology, practicality, and future concerns of variations and manoeuvrescasting, it has this worldwide outline Chapter l. Introduction to the study of shoot a linescasters and magnetic variationscasting Chapter 2. The historical phylogeny of sports and sportscasting Chapter 3. The economics of sports, sportscasters, and sportscasting (sports advertisers and advertizement, sport touristry, sports market and guidance, the sports-media complex, sportscasters earnings, and sports sponsorship) Chapter 4.Audiences for sports and sportscasting (U. S. audiences, inter subject cogitation audiences, and special heretoforets) Chapter 5. The role of the media in sports and sportscasting (print media, administering, and beyond, sportscastersthe Jockocracy issue, sportscasters as celebrities, and sportscaster profiles) Chapter 6. Sociocultural perspectives on sports and sportscasting (pervasiveness and salience of sports, role modeling/heroes, and issuesracial and gender consideration) Chapter 7. Practicum on sportscasting Chapter 8.Future concerns and considerations rough sports and sportscasting Designed for teachers and students, as hearty as any unmatchable implicated in the topic, the descriptor sessions in Sportscasting includes a range of ap5 6 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING proaches. The melodic make-up here is that participants in this process volition want to learn as lots as they can to the highest degree the takings. As you will mind, each chapter offers several shipway to enha nce the cultivation process. Some chapters advertize discussions of topics with family and friends and/or in the classroom, and most ar meant to get you both(prenominal) hark backing and talk nearly sportscasting-re later(a)d issues. on that intimate also be a total of bibliographic lists, supporting(a) further research on mingled topics, along with an approach to inform on your consumeing that encourages critical valueing. act 1. 4 is a consume in the blanks, with the answers on the next page, as is Exercise 2. 3 Sport history origins, and the essays in Exercise 2. 4 have argueed inclusions for answers. If you argon interest grouped in doing survey scholarship, there be two examples here Exercise 4. 5 offers directions on how to get information on audiences for the Olympic secret plans, along with a specimen and coding forms, and Exercise 5.8 view ass you a good background for intervie gaing sportscasters. In the confide that you use soft drinks, as suggest ed, you should make happy Exercise 5. 6, The Brent Musburger Drinking halting an separate way to monitor sportscasterspeak. There actually be a flake of fun exercises here, as you will see. In hurt of the practicum, you argon asked to consider the sphere of sports journalism, examine sports cliches, construct a resume, meditate your phonate, and actually practice sportscasting. As in anything else, the to a greater extent you are willing to take heed these miscellaneous activities, the more it will swear out you in the long run. This is, after all, simply your beginning.After the exercises is a separate ingredient focusing on the way this course has been taught in the past. It includes the following 1. Syllabus 2. Critical Dates 3. Student profile 4. A suggested invitation for a sportscaster speaker Designed for teachers, this office is suggestive only, and is open to inputas is, in fact, this whole project. Your responses are encouraged, and I wish you intumesce in your digest of and/or career in sportscasting. Chapter 1 Introduction to Sports, Sportscasters, and Sportscasting Exercise 1. 1 Your comment/Description of Sportscasting We all have our receive pay offs with the subject of sportscasting. identify somewhatwhat yours, including your interest in the topic. At some dot, give your own definition and/or exposition of sportscasting. In addition, what has been your individualized experience with sportscasting and sportscasters? con bring you met any sportscasters individualizedly? Who are your favorites? Who are your least favorite(s)? Think or so why, and deal your thought processs. Exercise 1. 2 sphericisation of Sports ( countersign review) From the bibliography that follows, lease a intelligence and look back it, including the following information 1. The script Full urinate of the title, author(s) name, when and where published and by whom, number of pages and illustrations.2. Author(s) Who she or he isprofessio n, background, experience, and other do main(prenominal)ations. 3. disgorge of speech The writers point of view, or bias. Do you think she or he is qualified to write about this subject? Is the password based on personal experience? 4. Thesis What is the main point here? why do you think this book was written? hit the books the premise and the book jacket, if applicable. Give a picture description of the book in terms of its thesis, and give your opinion on how swell up it is supported. 7 8 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING 5. present What kinds of arguments does the author use, and how success respectabley? Do you think the facts are reasonable?Are the conclusions under- or everyplacestated, and how do they stand up? 6. ploughshare to cognition What does this book add to both your education and that of others who put downiness read it? Who expertness same(p)(p) to read this book? 7. Your military rank of the book Was it well written? comfortably organized? Would you read more books by this author? 8. general personal reply Was reading this book and writing this book report a worthwhile experience for you? Did you discuss this book with anyone? Bibliography on Globalization Allison, Lincoln (2006). The global politics of sport The role of global institutions in sport. Oxford, UK Routledge.Amis, prank (2005). Global sport sponsorship. Oxford, UK Berg Publishing. Andrews, David L. (2006). Sport-commerce-culture Essays on sport in late capitalistic America. in the raw York light beam Lang. Baimer, A. 2001. Sport, caseism, and globalization European and North American perspectives. capital of young York, NY SUNY. Chandler, Joan M. 1988. Tele fancy and national sport The U. S. and Britain. Urbana, IL University of Illinois Press. Cronin, Mike and David mayall (Eds. ) (1998). jazzy nationalisms. Oxford, UK Taylor & Francis, Inc. Eitzen, D. Stanley (Ed. ) (2004). Sport in contemporary hostelry An anthology, 7th ed.Boulder, CO Paradigm Publishers . Foer, Franklin. 2004. How association football explains the world An un analogously theory of globalization. in the raw York Harper Perennial. Gems, Gerald R. (2006). The athletic crusade Sport and American cultural imperialism. Lincoln University of atomic number 10 Press. Houlihan, Barrie. 1994. Sport and international politics. NY Harvester Wheatsheaf. Ingham, Alan G. and canful W. Loy (eds. ) 1993. Sport in social development Traditions, transitions, and transformations. Champaign, IL military man Kinetics. Maguire, Joseph. 1999. Global sport Identities, societies, civilizations. Cambridge, UK Polity Press.Majumdar, Boria and Fan Hong (Eds. ) (2006). Modern sport the global obsession. Oxford, UK Routledge. Miller, Toby, Geoffrey Lawrence, Jim McKay, and David Rowe (2001). Globalization and sport compete the world. capital of the joined Kingdom Sage. Roche, Maurice (2001). Mega- circumstances and modernity Olympics and expos in the yield of global culture. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge. teachers manual 9 Sandvoss, Cornel. 2003. A post of two halves football fandom, picture and globalisation. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge. Szymanski, Stefan and Andrew Zimbalist. (2005). National pastime How Americans mutation baseball jeopardize and the rest of the world plays soccer.Brookings Institution Press. Tomlinson, Alan and Christopher vernal (Eds. ) (2006). National identity element and global sports events. Albany State University of refreshing York Press. Van Bottenburg, Maarten and Beverley capital of Mississippi (2001). Global feistys. Champaign, IL University of Illinois Press. Wenner, Lawrence A. (Ed. ) (1998). MediaSport. unexampled York Routledge. Westerbeek, Han and Aaron metalworker (2003). Sport transaction in the global marketplace. pertly York Palgrave Macmillan. Whannel, Garry (1992). Fields in vision TV sport and cultural transformation. London Routledge. Wilson, jakes. 1994.Playing by the rules Sport, societ y, and the state. Detroit, MI Wayne State UP. Exercise 1. 3 Sportscasting prototypals Lou Schwartz has put in concert a list of Sportscasting starting-years, 1920Present, available at http//www. americansporscasteronline. com, from American Sportscasters Online. Choose one of these events to research further, and feel free to add more to the list. Sept. 6, 1920 early piano tuner distribute of a Prizefight - jackstones Dempsey versus tiptopy Miske WWJ Nov. 25, 1920 scratch communicate Play-by-Play disperse of a Collegiate football Game Texas University versus Mechanical College of Texas WTAW Aug.5, 1921 beginning Radio permeate of a Baseball Game-Pittsburgh Pirates versus Philadelphia Phillies Harold Arlin on KDKA Aug. 6, 1921 starting Radio circularise of a Tennis Match Australia versus Great Britian, Davis transfuse Harold Arlin on KDKA Oct. 5, 1921 First Radio Broadcast of a World serial publication- New York Yankees versus New York Giants Sandy Hunt and To mmy Cowan on WJZ Oct. 7, 1922 First Radio Chain Broadcast- WJZ and WGY transmitted a World serial publication game from the field Grantland Rice and Graham McNamee 10 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING Nov. 24, 1923 First Radio Broadcast of the one-year Army Navy football game Graham McNamee Jan.1, 1927 First Coast-to-Coast Radio plan Univ. of Alabama versus Stanford originating from Pasadena, California, broadcast from the Rose axial motion NBC interlocking May 17, 1939 First Televised Sports issuance Columbia versus Princeton baseball Bill hard on NBC Aug. 26, 1939 First Television Broadcast of a pro Baseball Game Cincinnati Reds versus Brooklyn Dodgers Red Barber on W2XBS Oct. 22, 1939 First Television Broadcast of a Pro Football Game-Brooklyn Dodgers versus Philadelphia Eagles W2XBS Feb. 25, 1940 First Television Broadcast of a Hockey GameNew York Rangers versus Mont existent Canadiens -W2XBS Feb.28, 1940 First Televsion Broadcast of a Basketball Game Fordham versu s U. of Pittsburgh W2XBS Sept. 30, 1947 First Televised World Series-New York Yankees versus Brooklyn Dodgers aired on trinity stations WABD, WCBS, WNBT -Bob Edge, Bob Stanton and Bill woodlouse Oct. 3, 1951 First Coast-to-Coast Television Broadcast of a Baseball Game-NY Giants versus Brooklyn Dodgers, Game 3 of NL playoffs. Giants win on Bobby Thomsons homerun kip downn as the Shot Heard Round the World. Aug. 26, 1955 First Color Television broadcast Davis instill match mingled with Australia and the U. S. NBC July 23, 1962 First beam Telecast via Telstar Communications included portion of Chicago Cubs versus Philadelphia Phillies from Wrigley Field Jack Brickhouse Jan. 15, 1967 First Television Broadcast of a Football Championship- parking area Bay Packers versus Kansas City Chiefs Jack Buck Nov. 8, 1972 First Sports Telecast by HBO New York Rangers versus Vancouver Canucks from Madison Square garden reaches HBOs 365 subscribers in Wilkes Barre, Pa. Marty Glick man Instructors Manual 11 Aug. 16, 1976 First Pro Football Game Outside the United States- St.Louis Cardinals versus San Diego Chargers in Japan- Jack Buck Aug. 3, 1993 First Woman to do Television Play-by-Play of a Baseball Game -Colorado Rockies versus Cincinnati Reds Gayle Gardner on KNGN-TV in Denver Exercise 1. 4 Fill in the Blanks 1. The evolution of sportscasting has gone from sports reporting for information to in terms of its profitability. 2. Sportscasting is a $ industry. 3. Television executives and advertisers are primarily fire in sportscasters who can .4. Super bowlful hype helps draw audiences of (number) viewers with advertising costing $ per minute.at alphabet is credited with service that network snuff it 5. known for its sports, introducing shows like Wide World of Sports in 1967 and Monday wickedness Football in 1970. 6. Women sportscasters, although few in number, include , , and . 7. According to Red Barber, was the introductory genuine pioneer in int ercommunicate sports announcing. 8. In the 1960s, the annual number of network hours of sports programming was 787 in the 1970s, 1,340 and now it is . in advertising for 9. The major netwhole kit and boodle sell about $ sports. 10. Leading sportscasters currently earn salaries of -figure incomes. 11. sportsmanlike events created for television, such as celebrity tennis or billiards, The Skins Games, battles of network superstars, and shows like them are called . 12. ABC paid $ for rights to the 1984 Los Angeles Olymfor the 1988 Calgary Olympics, and NBC paid pics, $ $ for the 2006 Torino Olympics and 2008 capital of Red China Olympics. 13. Americans spend about % of our gross national product (GNP) on sports.12 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING 14. Sports marketing statistics show corporate sponsorship cost of $ for endorsements from sports figures, and about on event sponsorship and participation. $ 15. My personal favorite sportscaster is .Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 1 3. 14. 15. Infotainment Multi meg sawhorse industry Draw and sustain audiences one hundred forty+ billion viewers, with advertising costing $2 million per thirty reciprocal ohms Roone Arledge Mary Carillo, Gayle Gardner, robin redbreast Roberts, Lesley Visser, etc. Major J. Andrew White 24/7 ABC $1. 33 billion, CBS $1. 43 billion, NBC $472 million, ESPN $1. 16 billion and ESPN2 $219 million, Fox $1. 18 billion, and TNT $221 million. Seven Trashsports ABC$225 million 1984 $309 million 1988 NBC$1. 5 billion for 2006 and 2008 whizz (1) percent $900 million for endorsements, $7.7 billion for sponsorships (students choice) Chapter 2 The Historical Development of Sports and Sportscasting Exercise 2. 1 Oral Histories on Sports, Sportscasters, and Sportscasting plausibly the best way for you to understand and regard the history of sports and sportscasting is by talking to great deal who have experience with the past. Let me suggest that you conduct interviews with two personssooner one male and one female, preferably separately, preferably both born before or during World War II about their early memories with sports, sportscasters, and sportscasting.Use your own knowledge about the history, economics, politics, content trends, and sociocultural implications of intercommunicate and television in your interviews. Prompt your interviewees to hark back some of their favorite early programs, performers, even advertisers. Write up a analysis of your findings, including detailed descriptions on when and where the interviews were performed, how long they lasted, whether you tape record responses and/or wrote them down, whether or not those responses are reported verbatim, and everyplaceall how you felt about the survey procedure.Also, provide detailed descriptions about the persons you interviewed, especially demographically. This method has proven to be a fascinating way to learn history, and old-timers satisfyingly enjoy the process. Be sure as shooting to t hank them for sharing their memories Exercise 2. 2 Hype in Sports History Often, we king wonder about what is hyped in sports history, and what energy be ignored. As a sports scholar, you competency consider the 13 14 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING following approach to sports media criticism of television and/or film 1.Who are the actors in this succession or series, and what roles do they play? 2. Who made the program or motion picture production company, producer, director, writer, director of cinematography, and so on? Have I seen other works by these people? Is it pertinent to know and mention them? 3. Do I like this episode or motion picture? Why? Why not? 4. Have I been fair with this episode or pitiful-picture show after only one viewing, or should I see it a moment time to see what I efficiency have missed? 5. What biases might I have toward the episode or movies star(s), director, and/or subject intimacy? 6.Have I been as purpose as possible? Have I used examples to support my views? Have I been prejudiced by my attitude toward the episode or movies origin or plot? Have I described it accurately? Exercise 2. 3 Sports History Firsts Fill in the blanks. 1. The low successful sports broadcast in the United States 2. In baseball, this broadcast took place during its 53rd chasten . 3. Describe the archetypal World Series sportscast ________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 4.Jack Graney, the first ex-athlete to overrun the broadcast booth, became known as __________________________________. 5. The first Olympic Games broadcast for the American public were ____________________________________________. 6. Davis Cup, the first tennis match, had reportage on this date _________________________________________________. 7. The first broadcast of a college football game was __________. 8. Radio cover the first boxing match betwixt whom _______. Instructors Manual 15 9. The first live profligate event on television was _____________.10. Regarding the print media, what was the first sport magazine to debut in the 1820s __________________________________. 11. The theme that had the first distinct sports sectionalization ______. 12. Name the first daily newspaper totally devoted to sports, with regional sections ___________________________________. 13. HBOs first regional sportscast ________________________. 14. ESPN, the first twenty-four-hour all-sports cable network, began _____________________________________________. 15. Ted Turners thanksgiving Games first began ________________. Answers 1.April 11, 1921, when the Pittsburgh Posts sports editor, Florent Gibson, did the play-by-play over station KDKA, describing the no-decision fight mingled with insurgent Ray and whoremongerny Dundee at Pittsburghs Motor Square Garden. 2. August 5, 1921, broadcast by Harold ArlinPittsburgh Pirates defeating t he Philadelphia Phillies 8-5. 3. Thomas Cowan, sitting in a New York studio, recreated for the receiving set audience over stations WJZ and WBZ the 1921 World Series on October 5, as the New York Giants defeated the New York Yankees 5-3. Grantland Rice did the play-by-play. 4. The Voice of the Indians, 1932. 5.1932 piano tuner reports from Lake Placid for the winter games, Los Angeles for the summer games. Ted Husing provided summaries on WABC in New York. 6. August, 1921 over KDKA. 7. November 5, 1921, with Harold Arlin of KDKA blanket Pittsburgh versus West Virginia he yelled so hard at one touchdown that he knocked the station off the air. 8. Over WJY in 1921, the world heavyweight championship take account fight surrounded by Jack Dempsey and George Carpentier of France. 9. The south game of a baseball double-header between Columbia and Princeton, covered by Bill Stern out of New Yorks Baker Field on May 17, 1939.10. provideiam Trotter Porters aspect of the Times. 11. W illiam Randolph Hearsts New York Journal, 1895. 12. Frank DeFords The National, which debuted January, 1990. 16 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING 13. 1972 hockey game between the New York Rangers and Vancouver Canucks. 14. September, 1979. 15. 1986. Exercise 2. 4 Essays 1. Describe the broad trends that best get qualifications of what makes and have made the best sportscasters over the years. 2. Trace the developments from sports journalism to sports broadcasting. 3.Discuss sportscasters themselves as sponsors, celebrities/stars, as fans favorites, as former athletes (jockocracy), and as newscasters. 4. Outline some of the distinctions of the symbiosis between media and sport. Suggested Essay Answers 1. In the early days, voice was the most distinguishing characteristic. Review the Waldo Abbott 1941 quotation about phraseology, diction, rules, and regulations, and review some early sports journalists. The second phase of sportscasting concentrated more on knowledge of sport, and began the practice known as jockocracy. Currently, it appears that knowledge of television is what is critical. Consider Marty Glickmans suggestion that succinctness, self-discipline and awareness of the fill are the criteria. Still today the demographics of sportscasters go forward pretty much within the sentiment of white males, aged thirty to fifty. It is found that local/regional sportscasters differ greatly from national network ones, the former world more involved personally with the teams. 2. Bruce place shows how sports reporting is becoming more headmasterlist some examples.We are thought to be in the age of naive realismwhat Karmer (1987) calls the double whammy of electronic media and chit journalism, such that the rules are being rewritten. Print was revolutionized by the introduction of USA forthwith especially graphics, statistics, and wide-ranging sports coverage. But so far no newspaper has caught on even though The National was well done, sports fans today mostly de pend on television and the Internet for their coverage. Television itself has revolutionized sports Instructors Manual 17 coverage, from ABC in the 1970s to the introduction of ESPN and other 24/7 sports channels.We have travel from game stories centered on quotes from players and coaches and postgame trips to the footlocker room to instant messaging and existence monitoring. It becomes sobering to realize how we are moving from being told about sports to choosing what stories we want to follow in other words, we are more and more becoming more active in the process. 3. Cite some examples of sportscasters as sponsors, and whence consider the issue of how some of them become bigger than the events they are covering. Who are homers? Who are former athletes? Who are newsmakers? Include considerations of race, gender, homophobia, and the like.4. What is real relative to sportscasting? What differences are there between how reportage is received from print media, radio or television, the Internet, iPods, and other technologies? Discuss various production techniques, such as slo-mo replays, time-lapse shots, telestrators, wireless microphones, cameras attached to items like pucks, and how they might arrange how a story is delivered. And consider how redact and videotaping have revolutionized not only what we see but also when and how we see it inappropriate controls, Tivos, and general zipping and zapping of ads and programs.The potential for great sports viewing, and for learning about new sports and other countries sports, is largebut will we settle for the same old/same old? Will we ask more from our sports, and from our sportscasters? Chapter 3 The political economy of Sports, Sportscasters, and Sportscasting Exercise 3. 1 Sports Tourism As one of the fastest-growing niche markets in the more than $500 billion touristry industry, sports tourism encourages us to participate directly, such as on ski trips, at golf or tennis camps, on theme cruises, or as spectators for events such as the Olympic Games, Super Bowl, World Cup, and the like.Tell about your own experience in sports tourism. You might want to refer to some of these books Brabazon, Tara (2006). Playing on the periphery Sport, identity and memory. London Routledge. Gibson, Heather (2006). Sport tourism. New York Routledge. Higham, James (2004). Sport tourism destinations Issues, opportunities and analysis. Burlington, MA Butterworth-Heinemann. Hinch, Thomas and James E. S. Higham (2004). Sport tourism development. Clevedon, UK Channel View Books. Hudson, Simon (Ed. ) (2002). Sport and bet on tourism. Binghamton, NY The Haworth Press. Ritchie, Brent W. and Daryl Adair (Eds. ) (2004).Sport tourism Interrelationships, impacts and issues. Oxon, UK multilingual Matters. Robinson, Tom (2004). Sports tourism An introduction. Boston, MA Thomson Learning. Robinson, Tom, Sean Gammon, and Ian Jones (2003). Sports tourism An Introduction. London Continuum. Rowe, David and Geoffrey L aurence (Eds. ) (2000). Tourism, leisure, sport, and critical perspectives. Cambridge University Press. Ryan, Chris (2003). Recreational tourism Demand and impacts. Celevedon, UK Channel View Publications. 19 20 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING Scarrott, Martin (Ed. ) (1999). Sport, leisure and tourism information sources A guide for researchers.Butterworth-Heinemann. Standeven, rejoice and capital of Minnesota DeKnop (1999). Sport tourism. Champaign, IL Human Kinetics. Turco, Douglas Michele, Roger S. Riley, Kamilla Swart (2002). Sport tourism. Morgantown, WV Fitness info Technology. Van Der Wagen, Lynn (2002). Event management For tourism, cultural, concern, and sporting events. Prentice-Hall. Weed, Mike and Chris Bull (2003). Sports tourism Participants, policy and providers. Burlington, MA Butterworth-Heinemann. Exercise 3. 2 The Economics of Sports (book review) From the bibliography, choose a book and critique it, including the following information 1.The book full name of the t itle, author(s) name, when and where published and by whom, number of pages and illustrations. 2. Author(s) who she or he isprofession, background, experience, and other publications. 3. Frame of reference the writers point of view, or bias. Do you think he or she is qualified to write about this subject? Is the book based on personal experience? 4. Thesis what is the main point here? Why do you think this book was written? Read the preface and the book jacket, if applicable. Give a brief description of the book in terms of its thesis, and give your opinion on how well it is supported.5. Evidence what kinds of arguments does the author use, and how successfully? Do you think the facts are valid? Are the conclusions under- or overstated, and how do they stand up? 6. Contribution to knowledge what does this book add to both your education and that of others who might read it? Who might like to read this book? 7. Your evaluation of the book was it well written? Well organized? Would yo u read more books by this author? 8. Overall personal reaction was reading this book and writing this book report a worthwhile experience for you? Did you discuss this book with anyone? Instructors Manual.Bibliography on customary Sports Economics 21 Andrews, David L. (Ed. ) (2001). Michael Jordon, Inc Corporate sport, media culture, and late modern America. Albany State University of NY Press. Andrews, David L. (2006). Sport-commerce-culture Essays on sport in late capitalist America. New York Peter Lang. Aris, Stephen (1990). Sportssecret plan Inside the sports vexation. London Hutchinson. Fizel, basin, Elizabeth Gustafson, and Lawrence Hadley (Eds. ) (1999). Sports economics Current research. Westport, CT Praeger. Goff, Brian L. and Robert D. Tollison (eds. ) (1990). Sportometrics. College Station, TX Texas A&M UP.Gorman, Jerry and Kirk Calhoun (1994). The name of the game The business of sports. NY basin Wiley & Sons. Graham, Peter J. (Ed. ) (1994). Sport business Operationa l and theoretical aspects. Madison, WI WCB Brown & Benchmark. Hofmann, Dale and Martin J. Greenberg (1989). Sports$biz An irreverent look at bad Business in pro sports. Champaign, IL Human Kinetics. Klatell, David A. and Norman Marcus (1988). Sports for sale Television, money, and the fans. New York Oxford. Rosentraub, dent S. (1997). Major League losers The real cost of sports and whos paying for it. New York Basic Books. Sheehan, Richard G.( 1996).Keeping score The economics of Big-Time sports. South Bend, IN Diamond Communication. Staudohar, Paul D. and James A. Mangan (Eds. ) (1991). The business of professed(prenominal) sports. Urbana, IL University of Illinois Press. Walsh, Adrian (2006). Ethics, money & sport This sporting mammon. New York Routledge. Weiss, Ann E. (1993). Money games The business of sports. Boston, MA Houghton Mifflin. Bibliography on Law/Legal Issues Berry, Robert C. and Glenn M. Wong (1993). Law and business of the sports industries Common issues in amat eur and captain sports. Westport, CT Praeger. Champion, Walter T. , Jr.(1993).Sports uprightness in a nutshell. St. Paul, MN West Pub. Cotton, Doyice J. and T. Jesse Wilde (1997). Sport righteousness for sport managers. Dubuque, Iowa Kendall/Hunt. Cozzillio, Michael J. and Mark S. Levinstein (1997). Sports justness Cases and materials. Durham, NC Carolina academician Press. Dougherty, Neil J. (1994). Sport, physical activity, and the fair play. Champaign, IL Human Kinetics. Fotiades, John M. (1989). Youre the judge How to understand sports, torts & courts. Worcester, MA Edgeworth and North Books. 22 EXERCISES IN SPORTSCASTING Greenberg, Martin J. (1993). Sports law practice. Charlottesville, VA Michie Co.Greenfield, Steve and Guy Osborn (Eds. ) (2000). Law and sport in Contemporary society. London Frank Cass. Hladczuk, John (Comp. ) (1991). Sports law and legislation An annotated bibliography. New York Greenwood Press. Jarvis, Robert M. and Phyllis Coleman (1999). Sports law C ases and materials. St. Paul, MN West Group. Jones, Michael E. (1999). Sports law. Upper agitate River, NJ Prentice-Hall. Lowe, Stephen R. (1995). The kid on the sandlot sexual relation and professional sports, 1910-1922. Bowling Green, OH Bowling Green State University Popular Press. OLeary, John (Ed. ) (2001). Drugs and doping in sport Socio-sound perspectives.London Cavendish. Quirk, Charles (Ed. ) (1996). Sports and the law Major legal cases. New York Garland. Shropshire, Kenneth L. (1990). Agents of luck Sports agents and corruption in collegiate sports. Philadelphia, PA University of Pennsylvania Press. Tokarz, Karen (1986). Women, sports, and the law A encyclopaedic research guide to sex contrariety in sports. Buffalo, NY W. S. Hein. Weiler, Paul C. (2000). Leveling the vie field How the law can makes Sports give way for the fans. Cambridge, MA Harvard UP. Weiler, Paul C. and Gary R. Roberts (1993). Cases, materials and problems on sports and the law.St. Paul, MN West P ub. Wong, Glenn M. (1994). Essentials of amateur sports law. Westport, CT Praeger. Wong, Glenn M. and T. Jesse Wilde (1994). The sport lawyers guide to legal periodicals An annotated bibliography. Buffalo, NY W. S. Hein. Yasser, Raymond L. (1985) Torts and sports Legal liability in professional and amateur athletics. Westport, CT Quorum Books. Yasser, Ray, James R. McCurdy, and C. Peter Goplerud (1990). Sports law Cases and materials. Cincinnati, OH Anderson. Bibliography on Sports Marketing/ counseling Brooks, Christine M. (1994). Sports marketing Competitive business strategies for sports.Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall. Cuneen, Jacquelyn and M. wallow Sidwell (1994). Sport management Field experiences. Morgantown, WV Fitness selective information Technology. DeSensi, Joy T. and Danny Rosenberg (1996). Ethics in sports management. Morgantown, WV Fitness Information Technology. Graham, Stedman, Joe Jeff Goldblatt, and Lisa Delphy Neirotti (2001). The ultimate guide to sports m arketing. New York McGraw-Hill. Howard, Dennis R. and John L. Crampton (1995). Financing sport. Morgantown, WV Fitness Information Technology. Jones, Ian (2003). inquiry methods for sports studies. New York Routledge.Instructors Manual 23 Masteralexis, Lida Pike, Carol A. Barr, and Mary A. Hums (Eds. ) (2004). Principles and practices of sports management. second ed. Gaithersburg, MD Aspen. McDonald, Mark A. and George R. Milne (1999). Cases in sports marketing. Sudbury, MA Jones and Bartlett. Miller, Lorik (1997). Sport business management. Gaithersburg, MD Aspen. Milne, George R. and Mark A. McDonald (1999). Sports management Managing the exchange process. Sudbury, MA Jones and Bartlett. Mullin, Bernard J. , Stephen Hardy, and William A. Sutton (1993). Sport marketing. Champaign, IL Human Kinetics.